Resources on
Avoiding Plagiarism
Department of Political Science
Concordia University
III. How Not to Plagiarize
B. Types and Examples of Plagiarism
Type 3: The "Apt Phrase"
If you use an author's original and distinctive term or phrase
without
citation, it is plagiarism.
Example 1: Phrase
Original Source
[Preparations for war] tended, indeed, to promote
territorial
consolidation, centralization, differentiation in the
instruments of
government, and monopolization of the means of coercion, all the
fundamental
state-making processes. War made the state and the state made
war.
[From: Charles Tilly, "Reflections on the History of
European
State-Making," in Charles Tilly, ed., The Formation of
National States
in Western Europe (Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press,
1975), 42.]
Plagiarism
Historically, war-making and state-building have been closely
interrelated: War
made the state and the state made war.
Proper Acknowledgement
Historically, war-making and state-building have been closely
interrelated. In
Charles Tilly's famous phrase, "War made the state and the state
made war."1
1Charles
Tilly,
"Reflections on the History of European State-Making," in
Charles
Tilly, ed., The Formation of National States in Western
Europe
(Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1975), 42.
Example 2: Single Word
Using even a single word without acknowledgement can be "apt
phrase"
plagiarism, if the word was coined by the source from which is
taken.
Original Source
The post-cold war world has seen the rise of an increasing
number of regimes
that cannot be easily classified as either authoritarian or
democratic, but
display some characteristics of each--in
short, they are semi-authoritarian regimes...In choosing the
term
semi-authoritarian, we are not seeking to engage in a semantic
discussion, but
to highlight what we view as the defining characteristic of
these regimes: the
existence and persistence of mechanisms that effectively
prevent the transfer
of power through elections from the hands of the incumbent
leaders or party to
a new political elite or political organization.
Plagiarism
Some regimes combine elements of democracy and
authoritarianism and are
therefore semi-authoritarian.
Proper Acknowledgement
Some regimes, which Olcott and Ottaway (1999) have termed
"semi-authoritarian," combine elements of democracy and
authoritarianism.
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